Lukisan adalah karya seni yang proses pembuatannya dilakukan dengan memulaskan cat dengan alat kuas lukis, pisau palet atau peralatan lain, yaitu memulaskan berbagai warna dan nuansa gradasi warna, dengan kedalaman warna tertentu juga komposisi warna tertentu dari bahan warna pigmen warna dalam pelarut (atau medium) dan gen pengikat (lem) untuk pengencer air, gen pegikat berupa minyak linen untuk cat minyak dengan pengencer terpenthin, pada permukaan (penyangga) seperti kertas, kanvas, atau dinding. Ini dilakukan oleh seorang pelukis; dengan kedalaman warna dan cita rasa pelukis, definisi ini digunakan terutama jika ia merupakan pencipta suatu karya lukisan.
Manusia telah melukis selama 6 kali lebih lama berbanding penggunaan tulisan. Sebagai contoh lukisan-lukisan yang berada di gua-gua tempat tinggal manusia PRAsejarah
Kata lukisan berarti lukisan gambar seterusnya dalam artikel ini.
Lebih khusus lagi, artikel ini tentang lukisan pada permukaan untuk alasan seni.

seni lukis kaligrafi
Sejarah
Lukisan-lukisan tertua berada di Chauvet gotte di perancis, diklaim oleh beberapa sejarawan dari sekitar 32.000 tahun yang lalu. Lukisan itu diukir dan dicat menggunakan oker merah dan pigmen hitam dan menampakan kuda, badak, singa, kerbau, raksasa desain abstrak dan sejenis sosok manusia mungkin parsial. Namun bukti paling awal penciptaan lukisan telah ditemukan di dua tempat penampungan batu di Arnhem Land, di Australia utara. Pada lapisan terendah material pada situs ini tidak digunakan potongan oker diperkirakan 60.000 tahun. Para arkeolog juga menemukan sebuah fragmen dari lukisan batu diawetkan dalam batu kapur batu-tempat penampungan di wilayah Kimberley Utara-Australia Barat, yaitu tanggal 40 000 tahun [2]. Ada contoh lukisan gua di seluruh dunia-di India , Perancis, Spanyol, Portugal, Cina, Australia, dll
Dalam budaya Barat lukisan minyak dan lukisan cat air memiliki tradisi kaya dan kompleks dalam hal gaya dan subjek. Dalam tinta Timur, tinta dan warna historis didominasi pilihan media dengan tradisi sama-sama kaya dan kompleks.
Penemuan fotografi memiliki dampak besar pada lukisan. Pada 1829, foto pertama diproduksi. Dari pertengahan hingga akhir abad 19, proses fotografi ditingkatkan dan setelah tampak lebih luas, lukisan kehilangan banyak tujuan historisnya untuk memberikan catatan yang akurat dari dunia yang dapat diamati. Ada memulai serangkaian gerakan seni ke abad ke-20 di mana pandangan Renaissance dunia itu terus terkikis, melalui Impresionisme, Post-Impresionisme, Fauvisme, Ekspresionisme, Kubisme dan Dadaism. Lukisan Timur dan Afrika, bagaimanapun, terus sejarah panjang stilisasi dan tidak mengalami transformasi setara pada saat yang sama.
Seni Modern dan Kontemporer telah menjauh dari nilai bersejarah kerajinan dan dokumentasi yang mendukung konsep; ini membuat beberapa orang mengatakan pada 1960 bahwa lukisan, sebagai bentuk seni yang serius, sudah mati. Ini juga tidak menghalangi sebagian besar pelukis yang hidup dari terus berlatih lukisan baik secara keseluruhan atau sebagian dari pekerjaan mereka. Vitalitas dan fleksibilitas dari lukisan pada abad 21 memungkiri pernyataan prematur dari kehancurannya. Dalam zaman yang ditandai dengan gagasan pluralisme, tidak ada konsensus mengenai gaya perwakilan zaman. Karya-karya penting seni terus dilakukan dalam berbagai macam gaya dan temperamen estetika, pasar yang tersisa untuk menilai prestasi.
Di antara arah yang berkelanjutan dan arus dalam lukisan pada awal abad ke-21 adalah lukisan monokrom, Hard-tepi lukisan, abstraksi geometris, Peruntukan, Hyperrealism, fotorealisme, Ekspresionisme, Minimalis, Lyrical Abstraction, Pop Art, Op Art, Abstrak Ekspresionisme, Warna Lapangan lukisan, Neo-ekspresionisme, Kolase, lukisan Intermedia, lukisan kumpulan, lukisan Komputer seni, lukisan postmodern, Neo-Dada lukisan, lukisan kanvas Berbentuk, lukisan mural lingkungan, lukisan tokoh tradisional, lukisan Pemandangan, lukisan Potret, dan cat-on- kaca animasi.

seni-lukis-kaligrafi
Kebutuhan Lukisan
Dalam perkebangannya lukisan terkategorikan ke dalam kebutuhan sebuah lukisan dibuat.
• Lukisan Idealis
Lukisan masih memperhatikan kebutuhan rasa untuk berkarya, dengan menuangkan segala aspek bahan, warna, efek-efek yang dihasilkan dari teknik tanpa dipengaruhi oleh faktor komersil.
• Lukisan Komersil
Dalam kebutuhan untuk menghias atau memberi aksen tambahan dalam estetika ruangan, lukisan sering menjadi aksen utama dan berkelas atas nilai seninya. Meski sebenarnya sebuah karya seni yang bernilai tidak selalu indentik dengan nilai ekonominya, tetapi umumnya yang terjadi seperti itu. Adanya kebutuhan lukisan sebagai aksen interior lebih dari kebutuhan apresiasi sebuah karya seni membuat banyak lukisan yang sengaja dibuat untuk kebutuhan tersebut, dengan kata lain lukisan dibuat untuk tujuan komersil bukanlah sebuah manifestasi dari proses berkarya.

seni lukis kaligrafi
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